ANATOMY / HUMAN ANATOMY
Human body is always an interesting subject for research and study. Therefore now many universities are offering this study with variety of additional subjects.
The PennState College of Medicine offers research oriented MS program in Anatomy which is suitable for those students who wish to work in “allopathic or osteopathic medicine, dentistry or physical therapy” areas. The university not only covers topics under “gross anatomy, histology, human embryology and neuroanatomy” but also “in cell biology, systems biology, biochemistry and physiology.” (https://med.psu.edu/anatomy-ms). Des Moines University’s Master of Science in Anatomy (M.S.A.) delivers education in “gross anatomy, cell and tissue biology, neuroanatomy and human development”. (https://www.dmu.edu/msa/program-strengths/).
The University of Dundee has an MSc in Human Anatomy. The University has a Theil cadavers method to study gross anatomy through whole body dissection which is helpful for studies in the areas such as “applied anatomy, embryology, histology, medicine, dentistry, or biomechanics.” (https://www.dundee.ac.uk/study/pg/human-anatomy/). Stellenbosch University’s MSc and PhD programs in Human Anatomy are research and thesis driven (no coursework) programs. (https://www.sun.ac.za/english/faculty/healthsciences/Anatomy_and_Histology/Pages/Post-graduate-students-.aspx).
The University of Sheffield’s MSc in Human Anatomy with Education focuses on the human anatomy studies through cadaveric dissection by which students will be “able to develop advanced dissection skills and anatomical expertise using a wide range of plastinated specimens, professionally dissected wet specimens and anatomical models.” (https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/bms/study/masters/human_anat).
The University of Oxford’s MSc by Research in Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics emphases on areas such as “neuroscience, cardiac science, ion channels transporters and signalling, metabolism and endocrinology, development and reproduction to functional genomics” (https://www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/graduate/courses/msc-research-physiology-anatomy-and-genetics?wssl=1).
The Hull York Medical School’s MSc in Clinical Anatomy deals with clinically applied human anatomy based on “topographical, biomechanical, developmental and radiological perspectives.” (https://www.hyms.ac.uk/postgraduate-taught-degrees/msc-in-clinical-anatomy). Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shrevepor, runs Master of Science Degree in Human Clinical Anatomy which focuses on “intensive courses in Human Anatomy with cadaver dissections, Microscopic Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Developmental Biology, and Physiology.” (http://www.lsuhscshreveport.edu/departments/BasicScience/CellularBiologyandAnatomy/graduateprogram/AnatomyMasterofScience.aspx). Creighton University’s Master of Science in Clinical Anatomy gives an information about “human gross anatomy and neuroanatomy to pathology, surgery, radiology and embryology.” (https://gradschItol.creighton.edu/program/clinical-anatomy-ms). The University of Birmingham’s MSc in Functional and Clinical Anatomy gives knowledges in the areas such as “functional anatomy of the body”, “embryological development and growth of the regions and systems of the body and their implications upon its functional anatomy”. It also gives “an understanding of the consequences of pathological states upon functional anatomy and the anatomical causes of pathology, experience and understanding of methodologies and paradigms used in medical research” (https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/postgraduate/courses/taught/med/functional-clinical-anatomy.aspx#CourseDetailsTab).
University of Glasgow runs an MSc in Medical Visualisation and Human Anatomy which combines “actual cadaveric dissection with 3D digital reconstruction, interaction and visualisation using state of the art virtual reality facilities”. (http://www.gsa.ac.uk/study/graduate-degrees/medical-visualisation-human-anatomy/).
The Department of Archeology at the University of York offers an MSc in Human Anatomy and Evolution. The course investigates “how the anatomy of the human body has developed over time; the biology of bone, teeth and soft tissue. It also gives “a detailed understanding of human and primate evolution, focusing on anatomy and morphology and their interfaces with ecology and behaviour.” (https://www.york.ac.uk/archaeology/postgraduate-study/taught-postgrads/masters-courses/human-anatomy-and-evolution/).
There are some universities which offers this subject with giving biological aspect. The Northern Illinois University offers Master of Science in biology program with specialization in human anatomical sciences. The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences is the affiliated college for this program and the areas of studies are in “Bioinformatics, Human Anatomical Sciences, Biochemistry and Biology Teaching.” (https://www.niu.edu/grad/academics/masters/human-anatomical-sciences.shtml). The University of Pittsburgh’s Biomedical Master’s Program in Human Anatomy “explores human structure and the organization of organ systems.” (http://bmp.pitt.edu/course/human-anatomy).
The Master of Science program in Modern Human Anatomy (MSMHA) at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus “provides graduate level training and teaching experience in the physical and virtual anatomical sciences. The curriculum integrates 3D computer imaging and modeling with human cadaver dissection, neuroanatomy, histology, and embryology.” (http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/CellDevelopmentalBiology/MSMHA/Pages/Info.aspx).
Eastern Virginia Medical School has an MS in Contemporary Human Anatomy. The course focuses on the studies of “the human body through medical imaging and dissection – a different perspectives than scientists have used for the past 100 years in anatomy” (https://www.evms.edu/education/masters_programs/contemporary_human_anatomy/).
University of Southern California has an MS in Integrative Anatomical Sciences. It deals with the “gross anatomy, histology and neuroanatomy, including cadaveric dissection and microscopic study of tissues” also it gives “an intensive introduction to fundamentals of bone and dental biology, human anatomical variation and clinical anatomical correlations”. (https://keck.usc.edu/integrative-anatomical-sciences-program/about). The MS in Anatomical Sciences program at the University of Indianapolis is designed to give students a solid foundation to prepare them for professional programs in the biomedical areas, such as medical and dental school.” (https://www.uindy.edu/cas/anatomical-sciences/index). The MA program in Anatomical Sciences at the University of Buffalo aims to provide a foundation in “anatomical sciences in both the macro- and microscopic realms.” and “focuses on microscopic anatomy and cell biology.” (http://medicine.buffalo.edu/departments/pathology/education/graduate/anatomical.html).
Indiana University (IU) offers Master of Science degree in Anatomy and Cell Biology with two learning Tracks i.e. Research Track MS with duration of two years and Clinical Anatomy Track MS which is a non-thesis one year program. (https://medicine.iu.edu/departments/anatomy-cell-biology/education-programs/graduate-degrees/masters/). The IU also offers PhD degree in Anatomy and Cell Biology with The Education Track (useful for anatomical teaching and educational research) and the Biomedical Research Track (useful for laboratory research). (https://medicine.iu.edu/departments/anatomy-cell-biology/education-programs/graduate-degrees/phd/). The University of Iowa offers M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Anatomy and Cell Biology. (http://catalog.registrar.uiowa.edu/carver-medicine/anatomy-cell-biology/#programstext). Similarly theuniversity also offers Master of Clinical Anatomy (M.C.A.) which demonstrates “knowledge of the anatomical sciences (neuroanatomy, gross anatomy, and histology)” (http://catalog.registrar.uiowa.edu/carver-medicine/anatomy-cell-biology/master-clinical-anatomy/).
The University of Manitoba, Canada offers thesis – based MSc and PhD program in Human Anatomy and Cell Science.(http://umanitoba.ca/faculties/graduate_studies/admissions/programs/hacs.html#MSc).
The Schulich School of medicine and dentistry, Canada runs three different courses related to Anatomy. i.e. MSc in Anatomy and Cell Biology, MSc in Clinical Anatomy and PhD in Anatomy and Cell Biology. (https://www.schulich.uwo.ca/anatomy/graduate/program_information/biological_research_info.html).
The Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) offers a research-oriented M.S. degree program in Anatomy and Neurobiology. “The program prepares students for technical careers in neurobiological research laboratories in academic, private and government institutions.” (http://bulletin.vcu.edu/graduate/school-medicine/anatomy-neurobiology-ms/).
The University of Nebraska has Master of Science in Medical Anatomy. It gives a “comprehensive education in whole body anatomical dissection, system-based histology, and neuroanatomy”. (https://www.unmc.edu/gradstudies/programs/masters/medical-anatomy.html).
The University of Sydney, Australia offers Master of Surgery (Surgical Anatomy) which is helpful to develop a sound knowledge and understanding of human anatomy through a series of whole-body cadaveric dissections (https://sydney.edu.au/courses/courses/pc/master-of-surgery-surgical-anatomy.html)
The Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China (https://www.china-admissions.com/hust-huazhong-university-science-technology/programs/masters/masters-human-anatomy-histology-embryology-hust/) and Jinzhou Medical University, China (https://www.china-admissions.com/liaoning-medical-university/programs/masters/human-anatomy-and-histologic-embryology/) offers Master’s in Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology.