Mathematical Biology
The application of mathematics and mathematical thinking to other subjects is a continuous process and as a subject grows in breadth it is not surprising that it attracts a mathematical dimension. Biology is one such subject that has seen the import of mathematics including on vital areas such as cancer research.
There are few universities which imparts learning with a focus on tumor studies such as University of St. Andrews offers an MSc in Mathematical Biology which focuses on topics such as “mathematical oncology, ecological modelling, medical statistics, and population dynamics”. (https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/subjects/mathematics/mathematical-biology-msc/) University of Dundee has an MSci in Mathematical Biology which teaches “the critical role maths plays in making sense of the natural world and learn to apply it. For example, equations or formulas can predict or describe natural occurrences such as cell growth in tumours or organism behavioural patterns” (https://www.dundee.ac.uk/undergraduate/mathematical-biology-msci) Roskilde University has an MSc in Mathematical Bioscience which specializes students “in mathematical modelling of society health and individual disease developments, ecology, or mathematical methods in this area. Examples include optimisation of cancer and diabetes treatments, prevention of epidemic outbreaks, design of environmental solutions, or development and implementation of efficient parameter estimation method.” (https://ruc.dk/en/master/mathematical-bioscience)
Few universities added medicinal and environmental element in studies such as Heriot Watt University offers an MSc in Mathematical Biology, Ecology and Medicine which focuses on “a comprehensive training in mathematical modelling of problems in the life sciences, in mathematical techniques to study these models, and in the use of data to both inform and test the models” (https://www.hw.ac.uk/uk/study/postgraduate/mathematical-biology-ecology-and-medicine.htm) University of Essex which offers an MSc (by Dissertation) Mathematical Biology which focuses on “mathematical and computational techniques to solve problems in the biological, ecological and environmental sciences.” (https://www.essex.ac.uk/courses/pr00942/3/msc-(by-dissertation)-mathematical-biology)
In a similar manner few universities have a course with a combination of mathematics and biology together such as University of Helsinki offers an MSc in Biomathematics which is “ecology-centred biomathematics” for “students of mathematics and life science informatics. Building models from an understanding of the underlying processes and developing mathematical skills for model analysis, the students learn how to model real-life phenomena.” (https://www.smb.org/forums/topic/biomathematics-msc-program-at-the-university-of-helsinki/) Strathmore University runs a Master of Science in Biomathematics “methods of applied mathematics and mathematical modelling needed to provide quantitative answers to practical questions in biomedical research” (https://strathmore.edu/course/master-of-science-in-biomathematics/) Illinois State University has a Master’s in Biological Sciences – Biomathematics which concentrates on concentrated in one of “three critical areas of Biomathematics (theoretical and applied statistics, deterministic and stochastic modeling, or computation and bioinformatics)” (https://illinoisstate.edu/academics/biological-sciences-biomathematics-masters/) Augusta University has an MS in Biological and Computational Math which teaches “to use a variety of methods to construct mathematical models in order to solve real-world problems, especially those problems of an interdisciplinary nature.” (https://www.augusta.edu/scimath/mathgrad/)
Some universities offer the course with a mathematical rigour such as The University of Melbourne has Master of Science in Applied Mathematics and Mathematical Biology which focuses on “Pure Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Physics, Physical Combinatorics, Operations Research, Discrete Mathematics, Statistics, Probability and Stochastic Processes.” (https://handbook.unimelb.edu.au/2022/components/mc-scimat-infspc-1) University of York offers an MSc in Mathematical Sciences which teaches mathematical biology along with “algebra, number theory, mathematical physics.” (https://www.york.ac.uk/study/postgraduate-taught/courses/msc-mathematical-sciences/)